Mexican Mafia

~ La Eme ~

"Gang members who end up serving time in jail as adults often graduate to the toughest gang of all--the Mexican Mafia, or "La Eme," a prison-based gang that controls drug sales in San Antonio. Joining the Mexican Mafia is equivalent to playing in the major leagues. Drive-bys become planned executions, and drug sales and racketeering replace auto theft and vandalism. Members are recruited in prison. Young street-gang members taking their first trip to the penitentiary often choose the hard-core gang lifestyle of the Mafia for the protection it offers in jail." (Texas Monthly, Audrey Duff 10/94)

Periodical Citations
TITLE ABSTRACT
The epidemic of Gang-Related Homicides in Los Angeles On October 4, 1995, The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published the following article: The study found that: Gang-related homicides now account for 68% of all child and adolescent homicides in Los Angeles county. The root causes of violent street gang formation are poverty, stressed families, unemployment, under-employment, undereducation, racism, and the breakdown of sociocultural institutions. To prevent gang violence, the root causes of violent street gang formations must be alleviated, the cycle of violent street gang involvement must be broken, and access to firearms must be limited. Reprint requests to the Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, Ma 02115 (Dr. On July 24, 1995, in a recorded call to Voice of Citizens Together, an individual who identified himself as a Mexican-American warned that Hispanics and Latinos would soon refuse to obey white authority and when that happened even the President
Information, Tracking Systems, and Projects related to Security/Community Threat Groups (Criminal Gangs) The report summarizes a number of activities related to efforts ongoing nationwide to track and identify criminal gangs and their members. Electronic searches were conducted across a number of federally- related information systems and several dozen contacts were made within the law enforcement and corrections (LEC) community.
U.S. WARNS OF DRUG BATTLE SPILLOVER Reuters August 25, 1997 EL PASO, Texas -- U.S. anti-drug czar Barry McCaffrey warned on Sunday that drug-related violence now bloodying the streets of Ciudad Juarez and other Mexican cities could soon spill over into the United States. McCaffrey met with anti-narcotics officials in El Paso on the first day of a six-day border tour and said an escalating war between rival Mexican drug gangs for control of the cocaine trade was cause for ''enormous concern.''
Gangs and Violence Issues This is a great site, that allows users to post questions to other corrections officers about Gang information, and how to find it.
Historical Background & Evolvement of Street Gangs - Concord Police Dept. (CA, USA) In the Hispanic barrio culture there is a division of the State of California into North and South. The imaginary dividing line is Bakersfield. The gang north of this line is referred to as North, Norte, Norteno, or the number 14. The number 14 represents "N" the fourteenth letter of the alphabet standing for North. These gang members identify with the color red, as seen in red handkerchiefs. The gang south of Bakersfield is an opposing gang referred to as "Surenos, Sur, Southerners, or the number 13 which stands for "M" referring to the Mexican Mafia. They identify themselves with the color blue in the form of blue handkerchiefs as well as athletic apparel.
Mexican Mafia members sentenced to life LOS ANGELES, Sept. 2 (UPI) _ Two members of the Mexican Mafia prison gang have been sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole on racketeering and murder charges. U.S. District Judge Ronald Lew sentenced 37-year-old David ``Smilon'' Gallardo to life plus 25 years in prison for murdering a gang counselor, two Mexican Mafia members and the member of a rival gang and attempting or conspiring to kill five other people. He also was convicted of racketeering and conspiring to distribute drugs.
Street Knowledge... The Proliferation Of Latino Gangs Art Blajos (ex member of the Mexican Mafia and also author of the book: Blood In Blood Out and also affiliated with the church organization Victory Outreach) - He said he had become a gang member because he felt like he need to belong to something. He said that there is a powerful drive and urge that brings people into gangs. He said that he believes that gangs are created for protection. He said that there is help for those that want it. Victory Outreach had a conference in Long Beach about a month ago where 16,000 ex gang members attended.
MEXICO DRUG WAR REPORT The fall of Mexico's Drug Czar is but the latest development in the wholesale takeover of the Mexican state by the drug cartels. The selfimplosion of the Mexican elite in a string of bloody narcovendettas reaches the highest levels of power. Yet Washington keeps pouring your taxdollars into the regimeto fight drug traffickers! ...Or to prop up NAFTA and suppress revolutionaries?
JOHN C. BABCOCK vs. R.L. WHITE and G. MCDANIEL, John Babcock is living proof of the dangers that prison gangs pose to inmates, and of the logistical nightmare they create for prison administrators. Serving a thirty-five-year sentence at the United States Penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kansas, Babcock was stabbed seven times in an attack by members of a gang known as the Mexican Mafia.
Mexican Mafia Case Goes to Trial LOS ANGELES, Posted 7:45 p.m. May 16, 1997 -- A Los Angeles jury has begun deliberating the fate of 13 alleged members of the Mexican Mafia. The defendants are accused of murdering or trying to murder 25 people in a quest for control of Southern California drug gangs. The charges include murder, racketeering, attempted murder, drug sales, conspiracy and extortion, reported The Associated Press.
Christ Behind Bars "Though inmates have committed crimes against society and deserve some type of penalty for the wrongs they've committed, they never deserve to be cut off from the love of Christ. Felan is just one of many Christian men seeking to take the light of Christ into one of our nation's darkest arenas--federal and state prisons. Dale met with Michael and invited him to a Bible study. "Drugs and sex crimes account for about 90 percent of the inmates in the nation," Chaplain Dale explains, a number with which Marcial Felan agrees. Chaplain Glen Dale serves with the Good News Jail and Prison Ministry, a mission founded in 1961 that sponsors chaplains and provides Bible-study correspondence courses for prisoners. And, clearly, the perspectives of countless prisoners are being changed as well, as men such as Dale, Felan and Francine introduce them to the freedom that really counts--the kind Jesus spoke of when He said, "Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free" (John 8:32).
Crime Corruption and Drugs Taking Their Toll and Straining When a meeting in Mexico City among U.S and Mexican drug enforcement agents and prosecutors was planned for April, the goal was to further cooperation between the two countries and strengthen deteriorating political relationships. Despite numerous comments that the meeting was about fighting crime and not politics, remarks by Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) head Thomas Constantine prompted Mexico's Foreign Ministry to accuse him of making unfounded allegations against Mexican bankers and to criticize his speech. According to observers, the speech was rather mild, given the increasing involvement of Mexican criminals in drug trafficking and money laundering. "Most recently we've seen a trend of (drug traffickers) bringing money across the southwest border in bulk cash," said Constantine, "several million dollars at a time, then trying somehow to get that money into legitimate banking institutions in Mexico." He noted that money laundering is difficult to stop and urged Mexico to devel
Dominican Mafia Links These are some of our favorite links (not links in the streets, if you know what we mean * Algunos son standards, otros porque son cools to visit otros eras que teniamos que represent. In here I'll put the latest movie I saw and a link to it (if there is one), and maybe predict the next movie I'll watch. Last Movie I saw was: Con Air. Next Movie I want to see is: Face/Off Mikeall Raul Duran We have more friends.
American Me According to the "Los Angeles Times,"actor Edward James Olmos was for years the target of extortion by the Mexican Mafia, whose members were apparently angered by the actor/director's 1992 anti-gang film American Me. The facts came out in a recent federal racketeering case, in which numerous alleged threats against Olmos by the not-so-nice organization were presented as evidence. (Whether or not Olmos actually gave any money or property to the Mafia as a result of the threats isn't known. ) Olmos, of course, is no stranger to such problems, having been stalked for years by bloodthirsty werewolves following his appearance in the decidedly anti-lycanthropic film Wolfen in 1981. PALOOKAVILLE is yet another film from this category, and though it's a pleasant eno ugh diversion, it lacks any distinguishing marks. William Forsythe, Vincent Gallo and Adam Trese are three New Jersey losers looking for a quick score.
I joined the Mafia Art Blajos' true story of the Mexican Mafia & his way out I joined the Mafia. "EVERY MEMBER of our Mexican Mafia has killed someone," they told me. So at 16 years of age, to join the Mafia, I killed someone. I then received the Mafia blackhand mark on my body. I also knew the Mafia rule, "If a Mafia member tries to leave the Mafia he will be killed. At once I saw they were members of the Mafia in this car.
Mafia Handed 22 Indictments in LA Federal authorities on Monday indicted 22 members and associates of the Mexican Mafia prison gang, which for the past two years allegedly has relied on murder and intimidation in a bold attempt to organize drug trafficking among hundreds of Latino street gangs in Southern California. The 22 individuals - ranging from the organization's reputed Godfather to street-level enforcers - were charged under the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act with crimes including murder, extortion and kidnapping. " The indictment paints a chilling picture of the Los Angeles underworld, signaling an unprecedented degree of organization and ruthlessness in the long and bloody history of Latino street gangs. The indictment culminated an investigation of more than two years by a task force of local, state and federal officials that specifically targeted the Mexican Mafia. But law enforcement sources involved with the investigation say those named in the action include the prison gang's alleged Godfather, Benja
Many causes but few solutions to prison race wars "Like any prison system in the country, if the inmates want to take a facility on a given day, they will do it," Gomez said. Some white inmates in the "B" facility, in letters to friends and spouses, theorized the Latinos retaliated in fear the African Americans were getting ready to assert control over the exercise yard. They wonder how the Latinos were able to get so many weapons onto the yard, according to two correctional officers who have been in contact with the African American inmates since the prison was locked down the day of the disturbance. One prison employee said that after officers ordered the yard down, the Latino inmates crawled along the ground to stab the African Americans. Prison officials strongly disputed the suggestion that staff sided with either faction or was inadvertent, at least, in missing the weapons during the random pat-down search that preceded yard time. They take note of racial conflict, and the prison system is faced with processing a diversity of 110,000 inmates in and 100
Mexican Mafia Offended By Film Allegedly Extorted Director Olmos Oct. 24, 1996 LOS ANGELES (AP) - The prison-based gang known as the Mexican Mafia was allegedly so offended by Edward James Olmos' film "American Me" that it extorted money and property from Olmos, according to court documents. At least one gang member-turned-informant raised the possibility of killing Olmos, who directed the 1992 film that portrayed the gang as brutally violent, the documents show. The documents identify Olmos as a victim in one extortion count contained in a 33-count federal indictment accusing Mexican Mafia members of using murder, intimidation and extortion to control drug trafficking among Southern California gangs. A federal indictment last year accused the gang of arranging the 1992 murder of Ana Lizarraga, an East Los Angeles gang counselor who worked as a technical adviser on "American Me. According to a defense motion filed recently in the federal case, Ernest "Chuco" Castro, a gang leader who turned government informant, raised the possibility of killing Olmos in an apparent meeting wit
Mexico hit by new Salinas allegations Mexico hit by new Salinas allegations MEXICO CITY (Dec 4, 1995 - 20:02 EST) - Former president Carlos Salinas dealt Mexico's political system a fresh blow on Monday by declaring that senior politicians are embroiled in a "tremendous power struggle" over the country's future. Salinas said former president Luis Echeverria, who ran Mexico from 1970-76, was leading a group of reactionaries blocking political reform. Salinas claimed that the scandal involving his brother Raul, who has recently been accused of running up a huge fortune during his six years in public office, was part of an effort by his enemies to discredit him and divert attention from the fight between reformers and conservatives. "Nothing which has happened this year in Mexico is foreign to the tremendous struggle for power," said Salinas, who left office last December.
Mexican Mafia and Witness Intimidation Witness intimidation, the threat of courtroom violence, the "code of silence" among gang members, and the repeated need for expert testimony presents obstacles, which must be overcome to successfully prosecute gang members. Many of the gang members in CYA have criminal associates in CDC. These associations breed alignments between certain gangs and lead to street gang members eventually becoming prison gang members when sentenced to CDC. In CDC, Hispanic gang members usually join the Mexican) Mafia, Nuestra Familia, or the Northern Structure prison gang. Street gang members in a prison gang have bestowed prestige on their street gang, and street gang members often commit crimes in support of their prison gang affiliations. There could be as many as 135,000 Hispanic gang members; 90,000 African American gang members, particularly Crips and Bloods; 20,000 Asian gang members; and 5,000 white gang members, with approximately 600 Skinheads. Adult gang members will use more juvenile members to commit crimes due to
Prison gang killing Seven members of the Barrio Aztecas prison gang were indicted for capital murder in connection with the jail slaying of a Mexican Mafia prison gang member. The prison officer said Porras and Romero have been in the state prison system. Porras is on parole after being sent to prison for six years for unauthorized use of a motor vehicle, and Romero was sent to prison under shock probation for 180 days for aggravated assault with a deadly weapon and was released last year. The intelligence officer said prison authorities haven't identified Porras and Romero as prison gang members. The Mexican Mafia and Aztecas are two of several prison gangs whose members are allegedly involved in drug trafficking, contract hits, aggravated robberies, prostitution, murders and other crimes inside and outside the prison walls. While in prison, Miller said Franco was convicted of carrying a deadly weapon in prison.
Salinas puts Mexico in quandary with offer to return Salinas puts Mexico in quandary with offer to return Salinas puts Mexico in quandary with offer to return Mexicans scorn ex-presidents' war of words Thousands of Mexican debtors protest in capital MEXICO CITY (Dec 5, 1995 - 20:20 EST) - Ex-President Carlos Salinas's offer to return to Mexico to clear his name gives President Ernesto Zedillo a new headache -- the risk of a public brawl between Salinas and other titans of the ruling party about past government misdeeds. From an undisclosed location outside Mexico, Salinas issued a statement on Monday offering to explain himself on a host of controversies ranging from massive government corruption to murder. Since the economy collapsed after Salinas left office last December, Mexicans have blamed him for bequeathing an economic timebomb. Echeverria has flatly denied he headed any group opposed to Salinas, and Ramon Sasamontes, a centre-left Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) congressmen who is on a committee investigating Colosio's death, said there was no eviden
Mega Gang Information Site - Good for identifying marks Domino's, Latin Kings, Latin Locos, Los Solidos
Should We Limit Immigration From Mexico Juarez, Mexico, is a city that borders the U.S. It has many maquiladoras, the foreign owned factories, who come to Mexico for cheap labor and export across the border to the U.S. According to Charles Bowden's article in Harpers of Dec 96, the girls who work in these factories are prey. The other anti-immigration book "The Case Against Immigration", by Roy Beck, points out that massive immigration from all sorts of places (Albania, China, Latin America) are creating gangs of different origins, some who link up to organized crime syndicates in their countries of origin. I see '60 Minutes' on TV (2/24/97) showing the evil and ruthless Mexican Mafia killing people in America, including Hollywood people who made a insulting movie about it. We have a law that encourages "chain immigration", and which results for example, according to one N.Y. Times article, in one person inviting her relatives who in turn invite their relatives until 50 people from the Dominican republic join the many other immigrants in one small
SOON Stories from around the world in English & Russian EVERY MEMBER of our Mexican Mafia has killed someone," they told me. So at 16 years of age, to join the Mafia, I killed someone. I then received the Mafia blackhand mark on my body. Yes, I became our Mafia hit man. I also knew the Mafia rule, "If a Mafia member tries to leave the Mafia he will be killed. At once I saw they were members of the Mafia in this car.
The Emerging International Mafia Heritage Commentary         Even as America wages a fierce battle against organized criminal gangs here at home, the threat to U.S. interests from an emerging international crime cartel grows more serious every day.         Groups like the Colombian Cartels, the Asian Triads and the Italian Mafias -- long destabilizing factors in their host countries -- are becoming significant players on the international stage, carrying out their criminal activities across borders and threatening the stability and interests of numerous countries.         Fresh evidence of this growing threat comes from Colombia, where President Ernesto Samper is under pressure to resign for allegedly taking massive campaign contributions for his 1994 presidential race from the Cali cocaine cartel. In his recent speech to the United Nations, President Clinton acknowledged the growing threat posed by international criminal groups and called for stronger efforts to fight these organizations.   &#160
The Intelli-Connection Report A few months ago, a memorandum emerged that purported to discuss a high-level operation to place neural chip implants in prisoners throughout the nation. This article provides the full text of the report as well as an analysis of its contents. California Law: The report notes that federal regulations do not permit testing of implants on prisoners. Although the report claims that the legislative and executive branches have worked to legalize the implant technology, such efforts have not come to light or resulted in any substantial change in law. He reports: The memo does not state where is the device installed in the body; Extremely rigid rules exist regulating human experiments; The memo does not state whether any previous tests were performed on animals or their results; If planted in the head, bleeding from the nose and ears is medically inconsistent because they are not directly interconnected and are physically separated by bone; Bleeding from the nose and ears are caused by separate problems, none relate
The Seattle Times Today's Top Stories Gang targeted actor 24, 1996 Gang targeted actor, court documents say Los Angeles Times LOS ANGELES - Actor Edward James Olmos, whose film "American Me" angered the Mexican Mafia, was allegedly the target of an extortion plot by prison gang members. Although there have been long-standing suspicions that Olmos was targeted by the prison gang, it's the first time he's been named in a public document. The documents identify Olmos as a victim in one extortion count. Federal prosecutors declined to comment this week on whether Olmos gave the prison gang any money or property or whether he will be called as a witness. As for Olmos, court records state that he was targeted by reputed Mexican Mafia members in at least two 1994 meetings at which an FBI informant, Ernest "Chuco" Castro, was present.
The Victors A study by the Nutritional Institute of Central America and Panama (INCAP) estimates that half the population live under conditions of extreme poverty, and that in rural areas, where the situation is worse, 13 out of every 100 children under five die of illnesses related to malnutrition. Other studies estimate that 20,000 Guatemalans die of hunger every year, that more than 1000 children died of measles alone in the first four months of 1990, and that "the majority of Guatemala's four million children receive no protection at all, not even for the most elemental rights. After the discovery of clandestine "human farms" and "fattening houses" for children in Honduras and Guatemala, Dr. The International Human Rights Federation (IHRF), after an inquiry in Guatemala, gave a more conservative estimate, reporting that about 300 children are kidnapped every year, taken to secret nurseries, then sold for adoption at about $10,000 per child. The director of the farm, at the time of his arrest, declared that the childr

Bibliography

Title: The new Mexican mafia. (Cover Story)
Source: Insight on the News, Sep 15, 1997 v13 n34 p7(5)
Author: Jamie Dettmer.
Abstract:
Mexican drug cartels are circumventing US law enforcement agencies to smuggle narcotics into the US. Law enforcement efforts are being undermined by bribery, laxity, and incompetence in various US law enforcement agencies. Insight journalists reporting on the drug war have experienced graft first hand.

Title: Gunning for God? (reform efforts of Victory Outreach church among Los Angeles gangs)
Source: Los Angeles Magazine, Nov 1997 v42 n11 p72(8).
Author: Dirk Mathison
Abstract:
Evangelism in the gang-infested barrios of East Los Angeles is a good idea, but law enforcement officials are questioning certain new converts of Victory Outreach. They fear hardcore Mexican Mafia members are using the church as a front for gang activity.

Title: Dial Eme for murder.(trial of 12 alleged members of Mexican Mafia in Los Angeles, California)
Source: Los Angeles Magazine, May 1997 v42 n5 p34(7).
Author: Richard Grant
Abstract:
The Mexican Mafia is a prison-based organized crime group that is notorious for its bloody ruthlessness. Members are US citizens. Many of their crimes are focused on matters of honor rather than wealth. Twelve alleged members are being tried in a federal court for murder and other crimes.

Title: Nice Guys Finish Dead
Source: New York Times Book Review, Mar 15, 1998
Abstract:
Richard Rayner reviews the book "Twilight on the Line: Underworlds and Politics at the U.S.-Mexican Border" by Sebastian Rotella.

Title: This Gang's Life
Source:New York Times Magazine, May 17, 1998
Authors: Robert Yager
Abstract:
Tiny: Happy, because I wanted to have my neighborhood on my arms. How do you feel being in the neighborhood? Safe. I've got protection from everybody I like.
Triper: It was, like, I don't know. There was no feeling to it. It was, like, whatever, I'm in the 'hood, then I'm in the 'hood.
I can't say they'll be there for me 'cause I know that they'll back me up -- I'd back them up -- but I don't think that they'll be there for me. Say you don't got no friend in this world.

Title: Poison across the Rio Grande
The Economist, London, Nov 15, 1997 345/8043
Authors: Anonymous
Abstract:
The flow of illegal drugs across the border between the US and Mexico is a hot issue - on both sides. Americans are preoccupied with addiction and crime, Mexicans with violence and corruption; yet the problems of one are rapidly becoming a menace in the other. Each blames the other for its woes; each largely ignores its own flaws. The US has problems with its drug-prohibition policy. The discord with Mexico is making them worse still. The irony is the American policies helped create the Mexican mafia.

Title: Gunning for God?
Los Angeles Magazine, Los Angeles, Nov 1997 42/11
Authors: Dirk Mathison
Abstract:
ERNEST "KILROY" ROYBAL JOINED THE MEXICAN MAFIA, BETter known as La Eme, when he was 23 years old. He's O.G.-an original gangster, or founding father-in the violent prison-based gang. And during his 40 years on the inside of every maximum-security state prison in California, Roybal became a "legend," according to officials, for ruthless enforcement of La Eme's rigid code of honor. This is an exceptional feat for a man in an outfit that excels in kidnapping, extortion, drug trafficking and murder; a group considered more vicious than its Italian counterpart in its treatment of wayward members or unlucky outsiders. "I lived and died for La Eme," says Roybal in a quiet voice.

Title: Flesh and bloods: Body art from the Texas Penitentiary
Source: Print, Rockville, Nov/Dec 1997 51/6
Authors: Andrew Lichtenstein
Abstract:
Texas convicts share an affection for tattoos that identify their hometowns and gang affiliation. Some of the meanings of the tattoos and their implications for prison culture are discussed.

Title: Dial Eme for murder
Source: Los Angeles Magazine, Los Angeles, May 1997 42/5
Author: Richard Grant
Abstract:
The Mexican Mafia, known as La Eme, is the most feared and ruthless gang in California; most of its leaders are now on trial in one of the biggest federal trials in Los Angeles history. Grant discusses the case and the gang.

Title: Battle Against Mexican Mafia Opens New Front in Court
Source: New York Times, Nov. 26, 1996
Author: Ayres, B Drummond Jr
Abstract:
State and federal law-enforcement officials say that the Mexican Mafia today is composed of at least 1,000 members, some in state prisons, but many more freely roaming Southern California, using intimidiation, extortion and murder to control much of the region's more lucrative criminal activity, particularly drug sales by street gangs. In a counterattack, federal prosecutors put 13 reputed leaders and members of the la Eme on trial in Los Angeles the week of Nov 17, 1996, charging them with more than two dozen counts of murder, attempted murder, assault, extortion, drug trafficking and more.

Title: Can churches save America?
Source: U.S. News & World Report, Washington, Sep 9, 1996
Author: Shapiro, Joseph P
Abstract:
With almost all politicians agreeing to destroy the social net established by the government, many people are looking to churches to pick up the slack. Supporters of turning over social programs to churches and charities say that their plan will reawaken American compassion and restore the civic life.

Title: Gang warfare: Dadz in the hood
Source: The Economist, London, Nov 4, 1995 337/7939
Author:Anonymous
Abstract:
Reported crime is at a 10-year low in Los Angeles. A series of ceasefire agreements negotiated between warring gangs and the changing demographics among some of the city's most violent groups are 2 factors behind the trend.

Title: Federal indictment accuses 22 in Mexican Mafia investigation
Source: New York Times Current Events Edition, New York, May 2, 1995
Abstract:
A federal racketeering indictment unsealed May 1, 1995 charged 22 members and associates of a powerful prison-based gang with murders, assaults, extortion and narcotics trafficking. A US attorney said the indictment and the arrests will significantly disable the Mexican Mafia, one of California's most violent gangs.

Title: WCA helps members lasso problems in "wild west"
Source: Corrections Today, Laurel, Aug 1995 57/5
Author: Dallao, Mary
Abstract:
Members of the Western Correctional Association suffer the ill effects of geographical isolation and financial limitations. The association hopes to serve as an arena for corrections officials to exchange ideas.

Title: "We get all hyped up. We do a drive-by": A report from the front lines of the San Antonio gang wars.
Source: Texas Monthly, Austin, Oct 1994 22/10
Author: Duff, Audrey
Abstract:
The gang wars in San Antonio are discussed. The black gangs tend to be more individualistic, whereas the Hispanics have a sense of turf or familia.

Title: Growing up scared
Source: Los Angeles Magazine, Los Angeles, Mar 1995 40/3
Author: Greengard, Samuel; Solomon, Charlene Marmer
Abstract:
Violence is becoming more and more a part of the American culture, and many times children are exposed to it at an early age. Parents, children and psychologists discuss their thoughts on the subject.

Gangs.


Last Updated on 9/20/97, 5/28/98
By Cyn
Email: Cyn@virtuallibrarian.com